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2024-11-19
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The interview is one of the most important steps in securing a job. No matter how strong your resume is if your job interview goes bad then you won't get the job. In a job interview, you must present yourself nicely and confidently. You must answer the questions in English so that the prospective employer knows that you are fit to work in an international environment. Being able to answer job interview questions properly demonstrates your ability to understand the job role and also shows your communication skills. Sometimes the interviewer will not look for the right information, but the way you approach to answering the question. Your thought process shows how you will solve problems and make decisions in the workplace. People tend to study academic books and journals before the job interview to prepare themselves. However, you should know that prospective employers ask some common questions in the job interview. If you can answer those in proper English, you will be halfway towards securing that job position. [img]

General English interview questions

The hiring manager will ask different types of questions to know about your background, personality, and other traits. Here are some sample questions.

Your experience and qualifications

1. Can you tell me about yourself? 2. Can you describe your relevant work experience? 3. What training do you have that qualifies you for this position? 4. Do you have any management experience? 5. Describe your main responsibilities in your previous job. 6. Do you have experience using software programs? 7. What was the most valuable thing you learned from your previous job? 8. Have you ever served in a leadership role?

Personality

1. How do you organize important tasks? 2. Can you tell me about a time you overcame a challenge? 3. How have you turned a weakness into a strength? 4. What's something that motivates you? 5. What did you like the most about your previous job? 6. What are your weaknesses? 7. What do you do for fun? 8. Are you willing to work overtime? 9. Are you willing to work in a different place?

Job-related questions

1. Do you have any questions about the position? 2. What's your ideal work environment? 3. How can you contribute to the organization if offered the job? 4. What are your salary expectations? 5. What are your career goals for the next five years? 6. Are you willing to travel or relocate for this position? 7. Do you feel collaboration is important in the workplace? How do you wish to do it? [img]

Sample answers for an interview in English

You can look at these sample answers and craft your answer to impress the hiring managers.

1. Tell me about yourself

In most cases, this will be the first question that you will face in a job interview. You should mention your academic background and work history and focus on the success phases.

2. Why are you interested in this role?

You may be applying for this role to get more salary; however, it might not be the best answer to this question. You should show that you are passionate about the job and can contribute positively to the company. Try to match your experience with the requirements of the job and show them that the role seems to be designed for you.

3. What skills do you have that make you the best candidate for this job?

This is the point where you sell yourself. Think of something you have achieved that might set you apart from the other job candidates. If you have special skills mention those.

4. Where do you see yourself in five years?

You might not have a plan for the future, but you must tell one at the interview. So, demonstrate that you are ambitious and have the willingness to serve this company for a long time.

5. Why do you want to work here?

Before the interview, you must do some research on the company to know about its achievements and recognition. You can use those points to explain why you want to work here.

6. What are your salary expectations?

You should come prepared with a figure for the expected salary. Do some market research to find out how much salary most of the people in this job role are getting in your country. You should also consider the salary you used to get in your previous job role.

7. Why do you want to leave your current job?

Don't say that you are changing jobs because of a problem with your boss or colleague or due to work pressure. The company that is hiring you expects you to collaborate with others well and work as a team. You are expected to meet deadlines; so you should be able to handle the workload.

8. What are your strengths?

This is your chance to make a good impression on the prospective employers. So, use adjectives to describe your strengths backed up by evidence. For example, if you have secured a deal for your company then tell how you have won the negotiation.

9. What are your weaknesses?

The hiring manager won't believe that you don't have any weaknesses. So, come up with one and tell what steps you are taking to overcome it.

10. Do you have any questions about the job?

Don't sit quietly. Ask about the career advancement opportunities, appraisals, and other things to show that you are serious about this job. Remember, that the hiring professionals want to see that you can play a leadership role and be a team player at the same time. They want to know whether you can meet company objectives and help them move forward. So, throughout your interview give them the impression that you have all the qualities required for this job position. Practice answering these questions in front of the mirror or with a friend before the interview to gain confidence.
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In academic writing and research papers, the students or researchers use English that is different from regular conversational English. These writings involve facts, statistics, research findings, and analysis. [img]

Types of academic writing

There are four types of academic writing: descriptive, persuasive, analytical, and critical. You can use more than one type of academic writing in your thesis work. For example, you will use writing writing for show gaps in the literature review. In the methods section, you will be describing how you have done the research, so it will be of description type. The results section will be both analytical and descriptive. The findings and interpretation parts of the research paper will be persuasive. In descriptive writing, you provide information and facts. In analytical writing, you re-organize information to find relationships. Persuasive writing involves presenting evidence to persuade readers to agree with your conclusion. Critical writing involves considering others' points of view along with yours.

Common vocabularies of academic writing

Here are some common terms used in academic and research papers that you may not know. Typology: a classificatory system for categorizing data. Statistical probability: the possibility of drawing an inference from a sample. Meta-analysis: a statistical technique for combining and integrating the data that is gathered from various experimental studies. Inductive reasoning: a logical process of reasoning for developing more general rules from specific observations. Causal relationship: a relationship between variables where movement in one variable causes movement in the other. Theory: a well-established explanation of a natural phenomenon depending on repeated testing, lots of data, and agreement of a wide group of scientists. Hypothesis: a tentative explanation for a phenomenon used as a starting point for investigation. Research instrument: tools used to collect, measure, and analyze information. These include interviews, questionnaires, and others.

Rules of academic writing

Academic writing must be formal, impersonal, and objective. In academic writing, there is a section called 'abstract' that comes at the beginning of the report. This must be in the past tense as you are writing about your research results. The method section of your research paper must also be in the past tense where you tell how you have conducted the research and using what tools. The introduction and discussion sections should be in the present tense. The results of your statistical analysis and calculations should be in the present tense. When you are referring to tables and graphs in your analysis, write in the present tense. In academic writing use the third person. For example, for instance, instead of "I interpret the results…" write "The results indicate that…" or "We surveyed the literature to find that…." Write "A survey of the literature review revealed that…" Try to use tentative language in academic writing. It provides a convincing argument for your research. For example, instead of writing "Diet is important for your health" write "Statistics suggest that diet is important for your health". Hedging language is sometimes used in academic writing. Examples, are "It may be suggested that" or "You may conclude that". The writer uses this language when he or she is unsure about the claim. It is also called cautious language or vague language. It shows that the writer knows there are some limitations in the research work. [img]

Ways to improve academic English

There is always room to improve your academic writing skills. You should attend academic conferences where journal articles are presented by the researchers. You will learn how they have done their work and analyze them. You can notice the presentation of their work to see how you can improve yours. By reading lots of research papers, you will learn about the format and language used in research writing. Nowadays you will find blogs and podcasts on academic writing that can guide you to write the best research paper.

Importance of English in academic research

Academic researchers spend a lot of time collecting evidence and analyzing their findings to establish their concepts. Their findings can be very helpful for the modern world and create new opportunities in different fields. By writing the research papers convincingly and properly, the researchers can grab the attention of policymakers or investors who can take their research forward and implement it. The general public must also understand your work to know how you have contributed to your field of study. Using proper English in academic writing lets you share your ideas with international researchers. You can collaborate with an international team to progress with your work. You can publish your work in an international journal. Most of the scholarly literature is written in English. Doing an in-depth literature review is a major part of any academic writing. So, knowing proper English used in this area you can understand the works of others that may help to establish your hypothesis. You can find areas of research to fill in the gaps. To come up with the research findings you must conduct surveys and interviews. Now you can take the global audience as your sample and do these online. Using proper English you can communicate with them to find and analyze your research results. Publishing your research work in internationally recognized and peer-reviewed journals and finally presenting it at international conferences requires a lot of emphasis on your English. You need a high level of proficiency in English to present your paper at international conferences and answer questions from the fellow researchers there. Participating in these conferences gives you networking opportunities to move forward in your career. If you are a non-native English speaker then you might find it challenging to write and present your works. However, with the online resources available and training opportunities, you can improve your English. You will find sharing your ideas more comfortable once you are proficient in academic English.
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Like other professionals, English is useful for IT and technology professionals as well. Due to the invention of new technologies, it is important to learn the different tech terms to stay up-todate with the IT industry. If you know modern tech terms, you impress a prospective employer. You will be able to communicate fluently with other tech professionals. [img]

Benefits of English in technology

Learning English is a must if you are working in the technology industry. You will fall behind others if you are not proficient in English, especially in technology-related English. Here are some benefits of English in the tech industry.

Projects finish quicker

Knowing proper English and specific tech terms helps in conducting meetings successfully. You can easily define your project scope and present your findings for the tech professionals to understand. By knowing the tech terms in English, you can create software documentation and release notes efficiently. The various English technology words help in providing customer support and dealing with client problems. You can generate ideas more quickly and share them with your colleagues in a language they all can understand. You don't need to hire a translator if you are working in a multi-lingual group.

Get more training opportunities

Most of the training and seminars in the global technology industry take place in English. You can participate in skills-based training to improve your tech vocabulary.

Better teamwork

If everyone in the technology department is aware of the various tech terms then they will have smooth communication. They can share ideas more easily. As new tech ideas keep coming, learning tech English helps professionals to grow as well.

Better career opportunities

When you showcase your tech vocabulary to prospective employers, they will recognize you to be someone who is always updated with the latest technology news and trends. You can make yourself different from others by being an expert in tech terms.

How to improve fluency in tech words

There are ways to improve your fluency in tech terms. You can look for opportunities to conduct meetings and brainstorming sessions. By sharing ideas and exchanging views you can learn new terms and practice them in real conversations.

Take classes

You will find courses to improve your English vocabulary used in the tech industry. Make sure you choose a class that is conducted by an instructor speaking in English.

Talk to people

Try to talk to tech professionals outside the formal office setting. You can do a virtual meetup or play games online, for example. By playing games you can learn new terms used in modern gaming which is part of the latest technology.

Career challenges for not knowing tech English

If you have to be in touch with someone constantly who would translate the tech terms to you then you will become slow in work. You will take more time to make decisions. It will affect your workflow negatively. All the best tech professionals communicate using technology jargon. If you don't stay updated with the new tech terms, you won't be able to understand what the great minds are thinking. If you are lacking in English, then you may experience miscommunication with your colleagues, clients, and suppliers. If you are fluent in English, you can collaborate with others in the technology industry better. You can develop software that uses standard English. Coding is heavily dependent on Englishbased syntax. Programming languages like C++, Java, and Python use English commands. Even HTML uses English words. Knowing tech-based English opens doors for international collaboration. Various educational resources are available which contain tech words in English. You can learn them and start applying them to work. [img]

Common technology terms

Look at the following technology terms you will realize that you come across these terms often in the workplace and at home. Knowing the exact meaning can be helpful in understanding new tech concepts and sharing them with others in the industry. Computer: a device programmed to carry out arithmetic or logical operations. Internet: a worldwide network of computers and systems for sharing and sending information. Software: the programs that a computer needs to run. Hardware: the computer's physical parts, like the CPU, monitor, and keyboard. Digital: recording and processing information with only 0 and 1. Processor: the component in a computer that interprets instructions and processes data in computer programs. Server: a system that manages network resources. URL (Uniform Resource Locator): the address used to access a particular website. Operating System: software that communicates with computer hardware allowing other software to run. Peripheral: an external device connected to a computer, for example, a mouse or a printer. Smartphone: a mobile device that combines both cellular and computing functions. Tablet: a portable computer that you can operate by a 'touchscreen' mechanism. Laptop: a portable computer that you can fold. Desktop Computer: a personal computer designed to fit on top of a desk. Smartwatch: a wearable device that closely resembles a wristwatch. E-reader: a mobile device for reading e-books. Game Console: an electronic device for playing video games. VR Headset: a head-mounted device used for providing virtual reality experiences. Drone: a remote-controlled flying device equipped with a camera. Smart Speaker: a speaker that can stream music and control smart home devices using voice commands. Wearable Fitness Tracker: a device for tracking physical activity and health metrics. Digital Camera: a camera used for capturing digital format photographs. Smart TV: a television set with an integrated Internet option. So, you can watch YouTube videos or browse the internet using your smart TV. Home Assistant Hub: a device that integrates and controls several smart home products. Algorithm: a set of rules to solve a problem. Cache: a piece of hardware or software that saves data that can be used faster in the future Encryption: the process of putting information into a secret code for safe usage. Firewall: a network security system that controls and monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic. Data Mining: the process of analyzing large sets of data to discover patterns and trends. Blockchain: a system in which records are maintained across several computers linked in a peer-to-peer network. Machine Learning: a subset of artificial intelligence where computers are trained to improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. API (Application Programming Interface): a set of tools used for applications to communicate with each other. App: a software application usually designed for mobile devices. Cloud: servers accessed over the Internet for storing data remotely. WiFi: a technology that allows devices to connect to the Internet wirelessly. Plugin: a piece of software that adds a certain function to a computer program. Streaming: to send or receive data at a steady speed. Viral: content that gets a lot of attention within a short time. E-commerce: buying and selling items online. Podcasts: digital audio programs. Augmented reality (AR): a combination of software and hardware that adds digital information to the real world. Smart home: a place where tools and gadgets can be managed over the Internet remotely. Biometrics: the science of identifying people based on their unique physical or mental traits, such as fingerprints or face patterns. Social network: an online platform where users can interact with others. Influencer: an individual with a strong online presence. Hashtag (#): a word used on social media to identify specific topics. Meme: a cultural symbol that spreads quickly. Vlog: a video blog. Feed: the stream of content you see when you log into a social media site. Followers: individuals who subscribe or follow a user's account on social media. Trending: This topic is widely discussed online. Even if you are not a tech professional, you use technology every day in your life. So, knowing these tech terms can help you become more tech-savvy. Use these terms with your friends and you will become an expert in them.
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Legal English is used by legal professionals. However, having a rich legal English vocabulary can help you deal with lawyers regarding any legal problem you might face in life. If you have ever dealt with such a problem you will understand how difficult it is to get the job done. Legal proceedings usually take a long time. If you are unaware of the common legal terms, you will face a lot of challenges. If you are in the legal profession, then there are more reasons to have a strong legal vocabulary. It will help to enhance your career in this field. You will know what words are appropriate to use in courts while defending your legal cases. You will be surprised to know that standard English and legal English have a lot of differences. In a legal context, a normal English word can have a different meaning. For example, the word 'consideration' in plain English means to think about others. But from a legal perspective, it means a thing of value that is passed between others in exchange for another thing. If you have seen any legal document you will know that there are grammatical and punctuation differences in legal English. To improve your knowledge of legal English you can follow these tips. [img]

Listen to audiobooks

You can improve your listening and speaking skills by listening to law-based audiobooks. You will learn the right pronunciation and better understand the topics discussed in the legal meetings.

Read legal texts

You can skim through several legal documents like deeds or contracts to get accustomed to the various legal vocabularies. You can ask your lawyer friend or family member for an explanation if you don't understand certain words.

Listen to podcasts

In legal podcasts, you will hear discussions on various legal issues. You will hear about the analysis of cases and interviews of legal professionals. Here you can find good use of the legal terms that you have learned. By listening to podcasts you can improve your understanding of any vital legal concept as well.

Networking

Look out for networking opportunities with legal professionals from all over the world. This allows you to learn about famous cases and how other lawyers are approaching different legal scenarios. You can express your legal perspective as well. If you are in the legal profession, then improving your legal English skills will impact your career positively. You will be able to draft legal documents and communicate more effectively with your colleagues and clients. Legal English is something that you don't use every day. So, it may be difficult to use or understand. But with practice, you can understand it well. [img]

Common legal terms that you should know

Attorney/Lawyer: A legal professional providing legal advice. This person also represents clients in court. Solicitor: A lawyer who advises clients, prepares legal documents, and represents clients in lower courts. Barrister: A lawyer who specializes in courtroom advocacy and represents clients in higher courts. Judge: A public official appointed to make decisions based on the law and evidence presented. Prosecutor: A professional who represents the state or government in criminal proceedings. Paralegal: A non-lawyer who assists lawyers in legal work, such as research, drafting legal documents, and client communication. Notary Public: A public officer authorized to authenticate documents, administer oaths, and witness signatures for various legal purposes. Litigation: The process of resolving disputes through the court system, involving a lawsuit and formal legal proceedings. Trial: A formal proceeding in a court where evidence is presented, and witnesses are called. The judge decides whether a person is guilty or not. Appeal: A request made to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court. Plaintiff: The party who initiates a lawsuit by filing a complaint. Defendant: The party against whom a lawsuit is filed. The person is accused in a criminal case. Evidence: Information, materials, or facts presented in court. Burden of Proof: The obligation of a party to prove the validity of their claims or allegations. Cross-examination: The questioning of a witness by the opposing party's attorney during a trial. Witness: A person who provides evidence in a legal proceeding. Jury: A group of individuals selected from the community who provide verdicts based on the evidence presented in the court. Contract: A legally binding agreement between two or more parties. The parties' rights, responsibilities, and obligations are mentioned in detail here. Agreement: mutual understanding Affidavit: A written statement made under oath used as evidence in legal proceedings. Supreme Court: The highest appellate court in a country responsible for reviewing decisions made by lower courts. High Court: A court with general jurisdiction that hears both civil and criminal cases. District Court: A trial court with limited jurisdiction within a specific geographic area or district. Magistrate Court: A court that handles minor criminal offenses and civil disputes. Breach: Failure to fulfill terms of a contract. Indemnification: An act of compensating one party for losses. Arbitration: A method of alternative dispute resolution. Pro Bono: Refers to legal services provided by a lawyer voluntarily without any charge. Ad Hoc: Something created for a particular purpose. Parole: Conditional release from imprisonment. Summons: A request for being present. Writ: A legal document issued by a court or judicial officer Charge sheet: A formal police record presented to the court showing the names of each person accused of the criminal offense and other details about the crime committed. Circumstantial Evidence: Indirect evidence not based on direct observation. Cross-examination: The examination of a witness by the opposite party. FIR: A written document prepared by the police when they first receive information about an offense. Forgery: Making false documents Homicide: Killing a human being. Jurisdiction: Legal authority or power of a court to hear and decide a case. Juvenile: A person who is under the age of 16 years in the case of boys, or 18 years in the case of girls. Legislature: A branch of the government having the power to make laws in a country. Modus Operandi: The mode in which a person commits a crime. Petition: A formal written request presented to a court. Probation: The release of a convict from prison subject to good behavior and other conditions. Search Warrant: An order signed by a judge for owners of private property to allow the police to enter and search their home or other premises. Settlement: An agreement reached by the parties to resolve their dispute. Testimony: Evidence presented under oath by a witness in court. Knowing these legal terms will help you in court dealings. You will also be able to communicate well with the lawyers regarding any personal or professional legal matters.
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[img]As a general reader, you might be wondering why you need to learn medical English. Believe me, you will be sorry later in your life if you don't. Today, due to the widespread availability of information, a non-medical person can also understand many things about diagnosis and diseases. If you know some common medical terms then you can choose the right doctor for a specific treatment. You would also understand what the different diagnostic terms mean. You can make informed treatment-related decisions. Sometimes, patients suffer from maltreatment. Knowing medical terms can help you avoid this scenario. Gaining some medical knowledge can help you in emergencies when doctors may not be available right away. Doctors and nurses are well aware of the various medical vocabulary. Those healthcare professionals who assist the doctors and nurses must also know medical English, like ward boys, pharmacy assistants, or medical equipment suppliers. Knowing medical English saves time in communicating. It also results in fewer work-related errors. Here is a list of vocabulary for healthcare professionals that patients and others may also learn.

Places

Operating Room (OR): operation or surgery takes place here. Ward: room shared by many patients. Cabin: Individual accommodation for patients. Emergency Room (ER): a part of the hospital providing immediate treatment for urgent conditions. Pharmacy: a place where medications are stored and dispensed. Clinic: a healthcare facility providing regular or specialized outpatient care. Intensive Care Unit (ICU): a special hospital department for critically ill patients. Laboratory: a place where medical tests are conducted. Rehabilitation center: a facility that helps patients recover after surgeries or injuries. Waiting room: an area where patients and their guests wait before, during, or after appointments or treatments. Radiology department: the part of the hospital where imaging tests are performed. Outpatient department: where patients receive treatments without being admitted overnight.

Medical abbreviations

CBC: blood test MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): taking 3D images of internal body organs using radio waves. ECG (echocardiogram): test to see the condition of the heart. X-ray: using electromagnetic radiation to take images of organs. CT scan: a type of X-ray to provide cross-sectional images of the body.

Medical field

Diagnosis: carry out tests to find out your health condition. Prescription: advice including list of medicines written by the doctor. Hypertension: high blood pressure. Painkiller: medicine for reducing pain. Dosage: how many times you have to take certain medicines. Biopsy (of abnormal cells): test to find out if you have any cancerous cells in your body or other conditions by removing cells. Trauma: shock due to any negative experience, like an accident. Flu: viral infection affecting the nose, throat, and lungs. Check-up: a routine examination by a doctor. Ultrasound: using sound waves to view internal organs.

Disease

Chronic: a disease that lasts for a long time and gets worse over time. Benign: without complications, for example, a benign tumor is harmless. Terminal: terminal disease can't be cured; that is, the patient will eventually die. Cure: Treatment

Medical personnel

Surgeon: someone who operates patients. Anesthesiologist: who gives anesthesia before the operation Cardiologist: heart specialist Traumatologist: specializes in trauma Orthopedist: specializes in bones Gastroenterologist: a doctor who treats problems in the digestive system. Dermatologist: specializes in skin diseases Gynecologist: who specializes in female reproductive health Urologist: a doctor who specializes in treating diseases concerning urinary tracts. Ophthalmologist: eye specialist Therapist: who gives therapy to improve body and muscle movements Paediatrician: children's doctor Physician: Doctor MD: Doctor Dentist: who focuses on oral health Family doctor: a doctor who treats family members regularly. Midwife: who helps deliver babies Neurologist: brain and neuro system specialist Psychiatrist: mental health specialist Radiologist: a doctor specializing in imaging. Pathologist: a doctor who analyses body tissues and fluids. Psychologist: a professional who provides mental counseling and therapy. Paramedic: a healthcare professional providing emergency medical care outside the hospital. Dietitian: a healthcare professional who creates eating plans for patients.

Common Health Problems

Fever: a very high temperature. Cough: minor lung problem. Allergy: red eyes, runny nose, skin irritation, etc. from food, medicine, or other things. Infection: invasion of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, etc. Asthma: a respiratory condition that causes breathing problems. Diabetes: a chronic condition that affects the body's ability to control sugar. Migraine: a type of severe headache. Anxiety: a mental health disorder causing fear and worry. Depression: a mental health condition due to constant feelings of sadness. Arthritis: a condition that causes pain in the joints. Fracture: a crack in a bone. Indigestion: discomfort in the stomach.

Treatments

Surgery: a medical procedure used to repair or remove body parts. Therapy: treatment of a disorder. Vaccination: apply a vaccine to help the body develop immunity to a disease. Chemotherapy: a cancer treatment using drugs for killing or slowing down the growth of cancer cells. Radiation therapy: a cancer treatment that uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells. Dialysis: a treatment to remove waste products from the blood when a person's kidney doesn't work properly. Insulin therapy: a treatment for diabetes for controlling blood sugar levels. Antibiotics: medications for fighting bacterial infections. Transplant: replacing a failing organ with a healthy one from a specific donor. Rehabilitation: a program to restore strength after injury or surgery. Inhaler: a device that provides medication to the lungs. It is used by asthma patients often. Acupuncture: therapy that uses needles to treat pain. Once you know these medical terms, you will feel a lot more comfortable communicating with the healthcare professionals. These terms will help you move around the hospital and get better treatment for any diseases.
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Communication plays a crucial role in the tourism and hospitality industry. As service is everything here, good communication can get you loyal customers and improve your brand image. There are different players in this sector and being able to communicate in English with the tourists and service providers can give you an advantage over others. English is not only important for the regular operations of this business but also for cultural exchange and emergencies. If you are a tour operator, you might have to deal with multilingual groups. English is the best way to communicate with them. With English, you can reach global audiences. Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world which is still growing. This sector involves people from different countries. So, the importance of having a common language like English cannot be stressed more. Knowing the proper usage of English keeps customers satisfied. It also reduces the gap between tourists and local people. Several functions are carried out in the tourism and hospitality industry. For example, booking flights and hotels, learning about the local attractions, finding local tour operators, asking for directions, and more. Here are some benefits of effective communication in English within the tourism and hospitality industry. [img]

Greater customer satisfaction

If you are an English-speaking tour guide then your guests will learn a lot about the places they are visiting. They can also ask questions to soothe their curious minds regarding culture, food, people, places, history, and more. They can ask for directions and recommendations about restaurants, activities, and tourist attractions. As a tour guide, restaurant, or hotel owner, you can attend to the needs of international tourists, thus providing the best service possible. You can suggest different rooms and menus according to their requirements. You can explain to them about the amenities and special services that you provide. You can also get their feedback and act upon it where you feel your services can be improved.

Helpful in emergencies

In case of emergencies, like medical needs or currency exchange problems, you can help your guests in the best way possible. If someone gets lost, you can show him or her the way. You can guide them to a good hospital or doctor in case of medical emergencies. You can also contact their family members back home if needed.

Provide good resources

If you use English as a medium of communication in your hospitality and tourism business, then you can provide information about the destination, tour packages, hotels, airlines, or restaurants on your website, social media platforms, and travel blogs. So, interested tourists can use these resources to make informed decisions about their travel.

Facilitates business operations

If your workers and managers know English then it is possible to streamline various business activities. As English is the primary language of correspondence in the international market, you can do business correspondence, negotiations, and contracts easily without the involvement of any third party. You can set up offices overseas and conduct business smoothly. Different software that you use for running your business are in English. So, you can use them more efficiently if you and your workers have a good command of English. [img]

Common hospitality expressions in English

By knowing these common expressions in English, tour operators and hospitality professionals can give a great experience to the guests.

Greetings

• "Good morning, welcome to our hotel!" • " Good afternoon, how may I help you?" • "Good evening, I hope you are having a good time here."

Offering assistance

• " May I help you?" • "Are you looking for a local tour operator?"

Giving directions

"The elevator is on your right'" "You will find the restaurant next to the lobby."

Developing rapport with guests

• "How are you finding the weather here?" • "Is this your first visit here?" • "Have you been to the big mall next door"?

Compliments

• "Hope your stay with us was pleasant." • "If you need anything else, please don't hesitate to ask."

Take orders and make recommendations

• "Shall I take your order?" • "Would you like to have an appetizer?" • "For dessert, you can try the ice cream."

Apologies

• "We are sorry for the inconvenience caused." • "Please accept our sincere apology."

Solving problem

• "Let's see what we can do about it. • "Can you offer you something different instead?"

Departure phrases

• "Your room charges total to $100." • "How would you like to settle your bills?" • "Do you need a taxi to the airport?"

Farewells

• "Have a safe journey back home." • "Thank you for choosing us." • "We will see you again soon."

Improve your communication skills

In the hospitality and tourism business, you meet people from all over the world. They have different accents. So, even if they speak English, sometimes it can be difficult to understand what they are saying. So, pay attention to what the guests are saying. Take a few seconds to reply instead of drastically giving wrong information. You must always be polite to your guests. Don't hesitate to ask them for clarification if you are unclear about what they are saying. English is used more frequently in the hospitality and tourism industry than in any other sector. Its widespread use impacts tour operators, hotel and restaurant management, and the transport sector as well. If you have a tourism business in a place where English is used for communication, then that place will become a favorite for tourists. You will find hotels and restaurants having English-speaking staff more crowded than the other places. So, if you work in this industry, focus on improving your English communication skills to better serve the customers and improve your career.
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If you are running a business or working for a corporate firm, you must know how to communicate in English. After the invention of the Internet, the global business arena has transformed completely. Many businesses now have international clients and employees. So, it has become inevitable to strengthen your English skills so that you can communicate better with your stakeholders and work seamlessly with your multilingual team. [img]

English in meetings

Meetings are a regular event in any business. In a meeting, you discuss business progress, challenges, new rules, and other things. You must communicate well in meetings so that you can express your views to others clearly and grasp what others have to say. When you conduct meetings with clients, suppliers, or investors, the ability to communicate well in English during these sessions shows your credibility and professionalism. This helps to create a positive brand image, too. If you are conducting the business meeting, you must be well-prepared. You should know the agenda of the meeting in advance so that you can note down what to address in the meeting. If you have to show any information or statistics to the participants then you should prepare a presentation with attractive slides. Don't start the meeting by going straight into the topic of discussion. Welcome the participants and appreciate their presence. Introduce yourself and ask others to do the same. If you are conducting a regular business meeting with colleagues then you can skip this part. Try to make the environment friendly so that everyone can speak without any hesitation. You can then address the topic of discussion and share your thoughts. This is the point where you should show the presentation or analysis of any report that is relevant to the meeting topic. You must remember that in a meeting there will be two-way communication. You must listen to others and have an open mind to absorb different views. You must end your meeting by discussing courses of action and follow-ups. Use positive words to end the meetings. Whether you are leading the meeting or participating in it, you must know some common vocabulary. Here are some examples.

Opening the meeting

• "Good morning/afternoon everyone!" • "Welcome to this meeting." • "Thank you for joining us today." • "We want to discuss several important things today." • "The main objective of today's meeting is…"

Presenting ideas

• "The first item on our agenda is…" • "Let's start the meeting with an update on…" • "I would like to share the key findings from the latest sales report."

Clarifying matters

• "Can you talk about it more elaborately?" • "Can you clarify the point?"

Asking input

• "What are your thoughts on this matter?" • " Does anyone have anything to say?" • "Please share your ideas regarding the topic."

Making decisions by finding solutions

• "Let's brainstorm to find the appropriate solution to this problem." • "Please give me your feedback." • "Do you all agree on this?" • "Let's summarize the key points to come to a decision."

Closing the meeting

• " Let's summarize today's discussion." • "Before wrapping up, let's review the course of actions to be taken." • "Thank you everyone for your valuable contributions." • " Let's meet next week to follow up." These sentences are used often in meetings. So, practicing them can help you in conducting a meeting smoothly and successfully.

English in email communication

Email is the easiest mode of business communication today. Instead of having phone conversations, you can use email as the platform to communicate with clients, colleagues, and other stakeholders. Not knowing the modern email features may put you in a disadvantageous position. Many email software have auto grammar and spelling correction features. So, you won't have to worry about your minor English mistakes. These software also have commonly used sentences in store, like greetings and closing sentences. These suggestions are helpful when writing an email to your business partners or colleagues. You need to know how to send attachments, give replies, and forward emails to others. You must know about the use of 'cc' and 'bc' features. The subject line is very important in business communication. You should learn how to write a concise and clear subject line in your business emails. [img]

Report writing in English

You must write business reports in English so that everyone involved can understand. In a business report, you must present information in such a way that it is accessible to the company. Before writing a business report you should think about the audience and what they expect from the report. You should gather relevant information, facts, and statistics to organize your report. Use charts and tables to easily explain numbers and other information. The information you give in your report should help others involved in the business to make important decisions. Your report should contain the following sections in general: • a title page • table of contents • summary • introduction • body (research findings and analysis) • recommendation • conclusion • appendices You shouldn't make your report unnecessary. Remember that everyone in the corporate world is busy; so they expect reports that present information in a concise and clear manner. Demonstrating your ability to communicate in English in a business environment will give you lots of new career opportunities. You should consider learning English as a continuous process. The business communication tools are improving and you must adopt the new technologies to conduct meetings, write reports and proposals, and communicate with others. You can watch podcasts or read blogs to know the trends in business communication.
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Try reading a paragraph without any punctuation. Do you understand what the writer is trying to say? Probably not. Without the right use of punctuation, writing becomes almost unreadable. Punctuations are symbols that give meaning to the words you write. The reader pauses at the right places or reads with the right emotion. Here are some common punctuation rules that you must know when writing in English. [img]

Period or full stop

This punctuation mark indicates the end of a sentence. The rule is quite straightforward; once you complete expressing a point you mark the end of the sentence using a full stop. You can use full stop as abbreviations, like 'eg.', 'etc.'. In initials like 'Mr.' or 'Dr.; you use a full stop. It is also used in the case of indirect questions.

Commas

Commas can break up a sentence into small parts that are easily readable by making a small pause. It is used when you present ideas in a grouped form. The comma is used to separate different words in a list, like when listing your groceries. It is also used to separate a phrase that is an afterthought. For example, 'I will go to the gym if I feel ok'.

Semi-colon

This symbol has several uses in a sentence. It is used to link related sentences. Instead of using a full stop which might distract the reader, a semi-colon will hold on to the thought. It is used to link sentences that express opposite opinions. For example, 'His answer was wrong; however, his approach was right.' A semi-colon is also used to separate items in a list.

Colon

Before writing a list, you can use a colon. For example, ' The following students were absent today: Abir, Kabir, Sam, and John.' It is also used to conclude, like, 'Having patience is difficult: most of the time we tend to be restless in complex situations.'

Apostrophes

Apostrophes are used to show possession, like, 'John's books'. It is also used to contract words, such as, 'you're' instead of 'you are'.

Hyphen

It is used to join parts of words. It is often used in the case of compound modifiers. These consist of multiple words that function as one adjective to describe a single noun. Using a hyphen tells the reader that the words function together to mean one thing; for example, 'environment-friendly'. Many multi-term words use a hyphen, like 'mother-in-law'. When adding a prefix to a word, we use a hyphen. For instance, 'self-explanatory'. [img]

Quotation marks

This punctuation sets words separately from the rest of the passage or text. You can also use it to quote a source directly. Some other uses of quotation marks include writing dialogue and titles of creative works.

Question mark

As the name suggests, this punctuation mark is used in writing questions. Just like a full stop is used to mark the end of a statement, a question mark is used to show the end of a question. You can use a question mark inside a quotation mark as well.

Exclamation mark

An exclamation mark indicates emotions like surprise, sadness, happiness, and others. Example, 'Hurray!', or 'Alas!'. You can use it in a sentence too; like 'Get out of here!' Don't feel hesitated if you still end up turning the pages of a grammar book to see the proper usage of punctuation before writing something for academic or professional purposes. Even though you have studied the basic punctuation marks in school, applying them in real writing can be confusing even for the most experienced person. By knowing these basic rules of punctuation, you can avoid embarrassment in workplace.
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Persuasive writing is a skill that requires a lot of practice to develop. It is not easy to convince someone to agree with your opinions. Your writing must be powerful enough to influence the audience. It is a form of argumentative writing that includes logical arguments along with an emotional appeal to persuade readers to look at your point of view about a subject or issue. You will find this type of writing in most advertisements and marketing materials like brochures and magazines. Here are some tips for improving your persuasive writing skills. [img]

Choose topic carefully

It is difficult to write in persuasive style about a topic that you don't know much about or that doesn't appeal to you. You must own the topic to convince others. So, find out the topics that are close to your heart for this style of writing.

Know the audience

You need to use the right writing technique to convince your audience. For this, you first need to know your audience. You can structure your writing according to the audience's personality.

Grab the readers' attention

You must try to catch the readers' attention using interesting facts, statistics, or other research findings. These will support your thoughts and help to convince the readers. You should have counter-arguments to make the readers understand your point of view better.

Use empathy

Using emotion or empathy in persuasive writing is very effective. When the readers feel that you are respecting their needs and opinions, they will be convinced easily to turn towards you. Using empathy you can persuade the readers to think why their opinion must change. [img]

Use urgency and repetition

In persuasive writing, you must include urgency or a call to action. This stresses the importance of your opinion. You can use strategic repetition to remind the readers of your message slowly. You can use different techniques like metaphors, stories, or other literary devices to repeat what you are saying.

Know modes of persuasive writing

You should keep in mind that there are three modes of persuasive writing: ethos, logos, and. Ethos refers to the way you present yourself in the writing. You should establish your credibility so that the readers get convinced by your words. Logos means providing evidence and logical arguments to make your writing stronger. It includes using facts and statistics. Pathos refers to emotions. You can share a personal story to gain the readers' trust and sympathy, for example. That way the readers will understand your feelings and agree to your opinion.

Use strong and emotive words

In this type of writing, you should use strong words to emphasize your idea. You must also use emotive words to describe your feelings clearly. You must develop sentimental connections to your opinion so that the readers become inclined towards your thoughts.

Ask questions

You should ask rhetorical or other questions to keep readers thinking. They will wonder for some time about the topic in discussion. Questions can easily plant ideas in the readers' minds. You can carefully then lead the thought to your answers. In persuasive writing, it is better to use 'you' to address the readers. That way, it seems as if you are directly talking to the readers. It makes this writing style conversational. Some people are born with the ability to persuade others to accept their point of view. However, to convince someone by talking is different from that of writing which might not come naturally. You will have to learn the right techniques to write content in a persuasive tone.
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The ability to write good reports and proposals is a skill that will help you do well in your academic and professional lives. When you are in school or college, you will need to write reports often on various topics. The teachers give report writing as a major assignment to judge a student's research and analytical ability. In your professional life, you may need to submit weekly or monthly work-related reports to your senior managers, suppliers, or other stakeholders. [img]

Difference between a report and a proposal

A report and a proposal differ in structure and purpose. A report analyses an issue, identifies a problem giving relevant explanations and evidence. Then recommends actions that may help in decision making. A proposal, on the other hand, identifies a need and suggests how to meet the need. It provides a plan that others might consider. Here, persuasive language is used to persuade the readers. People often write proposals for projects to collect funds. So, the proposal must contain clear information and a message so that investors feel interested in providing funds for the project.

Formats of proposal and report

The format of a proposal and report is different. A proposal is shorter than a report. It consists of the following sections: • contents page • introduction • statement of need • project scope • technical specifications and other details • project cost • solutions or recommendations • deliverables • milestones timelines • summary or closing statement • appendix (add your research findings, facts, tables, graphs, or other extra information to support your proposal). A report contains more elaborate information. It has the following sections: • Table of contents • Introduction • Literature review (or background of the study) • Research instruments • Findings • Analysis • Summary and conclusion • Appendix • Bibliography (in APA or other styles) In a report, you may have to mention facts, works of others, and references to books and quotes. You need to mention all the sources of your information in the bibliography section. Otherwise, you may become a victim of plagiarism. [img]

How to write good reports or proposals

In the case of both reports and proposals, you must tailor your thoughts to meet the audience's expectations. For example, if you are writing a report on the sales progress of your team for an investor, then you must highlight information to show that your sales team is doing well and the company is progressing financially with a promising future. You must adopt a similar approach when presenting a proposal to a potential new investor of your company. You must then define the purpose and scope of your report or proposal. You need to be special about what you want to get from this report or proposal. Then put your content in a logical manner. You should include headings, subheadings, bullet points, tables, graphs, and other tools to explain the content clearly. You must choose words carefully. Avoid using slang, acronyms, or jargon as these will make the content difficult to understand. You must mention any assumptions you have made in writing the report or proposal and also the limitations you faced. You may recommend future courses of action in your report. You will find various online tools like paid templates or checklists to help you write proposals and reports. You can create nice tables or charts with different tools as well. A proposal or report must be well-formatted. You must revise the content before submission. A document that is free from grammatical, spelling, formatting, or punctuation errors is considered to be highly professional. So, you should review your document carefully.
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